@prefix cito: . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix foaf: . @prefix owl: . @prefix pleiades: . @prefix prov: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix skos: . @prefix spatial: . a ; rdfs:label "Alexandria"; spatial:C , , , , , , , , , ; rdfs:comment "The ancient port city in Egypt's Nile Delta, founded by Alexander the Great in 332/331 BCE."; foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf . a , ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation "BAtlas 74 B2 Alexandria", "Bernand 1998 ", "Coptic Scriptorium Corpora Places: Alexandria", "Hdt. (Godley: Perseus) 2.15", "MANTO 11015142: Alexandria (Egypt)", "McKenzie 2011 ", "PECS (Perseus) ALEXANDRIA Egypt", "Sforza 2023 ", "Str. (Meineke: Perseus) 17.1.6", "TM GEO ID 100: Alexandria", "TP (Talbert: CUP) 8C3 (Talbert 367)", "Theatrum 1122: ALEXANDREIA, ALEXANDRIA (Aegyptus)", "Tkaczow 1993 ", "ToposText Alexandria (Egypt)", "Wikidata Q87", "Wikipedia (English) Alexandria"; dcterms:contributor , , , , , , , , , , , , [ a ; foaf:name "Jen Thum" ], [ a ; foaf:name "H. Kopp" ], [ a ; foaf:name "Herbert Verreth" ], [ a ; foaf:name "B. Siewert-Mayer" ], [ a ; foaf:name "Mark Depauw" ], [ a ; foaf:name "W. Röllig" ]; dcterms:coverage "Iskandariya"; dcterms:creator ; dcterms:description "The ancient port city in Egypt's Nile Delta, founded by Alexander the Great in 332/331 BCE."; dcterms:modified "2023-05-18T16:32:40-04:00"; dcterms:subject "dare:ancient=1", "dare:feature=major settlement", "dare:major=1"; dcterms:title "Alexandria"; cito:citesAsEvidence , , ; cito:citesAsRelated , , , ; cito:citesForInformation , , , , , , , , ; rdfs:seeAlso , , , , , , , , , ; owl:sameAs ; skos:altLabel "Alexandrea ad Aegyptum"@ka, "Alexandreia"@grc, "Alexandria"@de, "Rhakōtis, Rhakotis"@grc, "al-Iskandarīya, al-Iskandariya, al-Iskandariyah, el-Iskandariya, el-Iskandariyah, al-Iskandariyya, al-Iskandariyyah, el-Iskandariyya, el-Iskandariyyah"@arb, "ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲧⲉ"@cop, "Alexandreia ad Aegyptum", "Alexandria", "al-Iskandariyya", "al-İskandarīya"; skos:inScheme ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "Barrington Atlas: BAtlas 74 B2 Alexandria" ]; pleiades:hasFeatureType , ; pleiades:hasLocation ; pleiades:hasName , , , , , , , , , . a ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation ""; dcterms:contributor , ; dcterms:creator [ a ; foaf:name "B. Siewert-Mayer" ], [ a ; foaf:name "W. Röllig" ], [ a ; foaf:name "H. Kopp" ]; dcterms:description "A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 2, p. 815)"; dcterms:modified "2018-06-07T17:20:55-04:00"; dcterms:title "al-İskandarīya"; cito:cites ; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "TAVO Index" ]; pleiades:during , ; pleiades:end_date 2000; pleiades:nameRomanized "al-İskandarīya"; pleiades:start_date 819 . a ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation ""; dcterms:contributor , ; dcterms:creator [ a ; foaf:name "B. Siewert-Mayer" ], [ a ; foaf:name "W. Röllig" ], [ a ; foaf:name "H. Kopp" ]; dcterms:description "A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 2, p. 815)"; dcterms:modified "2018-06-07T17:20:55-04:00"; dcterms:title "al-Iskandarīya"; cito:cites ; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "TAVO Index" ]; pleiades:during , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; pleiades:end_date 2000; pleiades:nameRomanized "al-Iskandariya", "al-Iskandariyah", "al-Iskandariyya", "al-Iskandariyyah", "al-Iskandarīya", "el-Iskandariya", "el-Iskandariyah", "el-Iskandariyya", "el-Iskandariyyah"; pleiades:start_date -2010 . a ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation ""; dcterms:contributor , ; dcterms:creator [ a ; foaf:name "B. Siewert-Mayer" ], [ a ; foaf:name "W. Röllig" ], [ a ; foaf:name "H. Kopp" ]; dcterms:description "A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 2, p. False)"; dcterms:modified "2018-06-07T17:20:55-04:00"; dcterms:title "al-Iskandariyya"; cito:cites ; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "TAVO Index" ]; pleiades:during ; pleiades:end_date 1501; pleiades:nameRomanized "al-Iskandariyya"; pleiades:start_date 1370 . a ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation ""; dcterms:contributor , ; dcterms:creator [ a ; foaf:name "B. Siewert-Mayer" ], [ a ; foaf:name "W. Röllig" ], [ a ; foaf:name "H. Kopp" ]; dcterms:description "A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 1, p. 70)"; dcterms:modified "2018-06-07T17:20:55-04:00"; dcterms:title "Alexandrea ad Aegyptum"; cito:cites ; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "TAVO Index" ]; pleiades:during , , , , ; pleiades:end_date 640; pleiades:nameRomanized "Alexandrea ad Aegyptum"; pleiades:start_date -540 . a ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation ""; dcterms:contributor , ; dcterms:creator [ a ; foaf:name "B. Siewert-Mayer" ], [ a ; foaf:name "W. Röllig" ], [ a ; foaf:name "H. Kopp" ]; dcterms:description "A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 1, p. 71)"; dcterms:modified "2018-06-07T17:20:55-04:00"; dcterms:title "Alexandreia"; cito:cites ; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "TAVO Index" ]; pleiades:during , , , , , , ; pleiades:end_date 650; pleiades:nameRomanized "Alexandreia"; pleiades:start_date -540 . a ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation ""; dcterms:contributor , ; dcterms:creator [ a ; foaf:name "B. Siewert-Mayer" ], [ a ; foaf:name "W. Röllig" ], [ a ; foaf:name "H. Kopp" ]; dcterms:description "A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 1, p. 71)"; dcterms:modified "2018-06-07T17:20:55-04:00"; dcterms:title "Alexandreia ad Aegyptum"; cito:cites ; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "TAVO Index" ]; pleiades:during ; pleiades:end_date 226; pleiades:nameRomanized "Alexandreia ad Aegyptum"; pleiades:start_date -30 . a ; dcterms:contributor , , ; dcterms:creator ; dcterms:description ""; dcterms:modified "2018-06-07T17:20:55-04:00"; dcterms:title "Alexandria"; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "Barrington Atlas: BAtlas 74 B2 Alexandria" ]; pleiades:during , , ; pleiades:end_date 640; pleiades:nameRomanized "Alexandria"; pleiades:start_date -330 . a ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation ""; dcterms:contributor , ; dcterms:creator [ a ; foaf:name "B. Siewert-Mayer" ], [ a ; foaf:name "W. Röllig" ], [ a ; foaf:name "H. Kopp" ]; dcterms:description "A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 1, p. 71)"; dcterms:modified "2018-06-07T17:20:55-04:00"; dcterms:title "Alexandria"; cito:cites ; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "TAVO Index" ]; pleiades:during , , , , ; pleiades:end_date 2000; pleiades:nameRomanized "Alexandria"; pleiades:start_date -1548 . a ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation "DARMC 1090"; dcterms:contributor , , , ; dcterms:creator ; dcterms:description "5M scale representative point location digitized from the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World by the Digital Atlas of Roman and Medieval Civilizations project at Harvard University."; dcterms:modified "2018-06-07T17:20:55-04:00"; dcterms:title "DARMC location 1090"; cito:citesAsDataSource ; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "DARMC OBJECTID: 1090" ]; pleiades:during , , ; pleiades:end_date 640; pleiades:start_date -330 . a ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation "", "AP (Coptic Scriptorium) Sahidic 019: Presbyter"; dcterms:contributor , , , ; dcterms:creator [ a ; foaf:name "B. Siewert-Mayer" ], [ a ; foaf:name "W. Röllig" ], [ a ; foaf:name "H. Kopp" ]; dcterms:description "Standard form of the name for Alexandria in Coptic"; dcterms:modified "2023-03-08T09:58:25-04:00"; dcterms:title "Rakote"; cito:citesAsDataSource ; cito:citesAsEvidence ; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "TAVO Index" ]; pleiades:during ; pleiades:end_date 640; pleiades:nameAttested "ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲧⲉ"@cop; pleiades:nameRomanized "Rakote"; pleiades:start_date 300 . a ; dcterms:bibliographicCitation ""; dcterms:contributor , ; dcterms:creator [ a ; foaf:name "B. Siewert-Mayer" ], [ a ; foaf:name "W. Röllig" ], [ a ; foaf:name "H. Kopp" ]; dcterms:description "A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 3, p. 1351)"; dcterms:modified "2018-06-07T17:20:55-04:00"; dcterms:title "Rhakōtis"; cito:cites ; owl:sameAs ; prov:wasDerivedFrom [ rdfs:label "TAVO Index" ]; pleiades:during , ; pleiades:end_date 640; pleiades:nameRomanized "Rhakotis", "Rhakōtis"; pleiades:start_date -330 . a ; owl:sameAs ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "port"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "settlement"@en; skos:scopeNote "Equivalent to \"inhabited place\" as defined by the Getty Art and Architecture Thesaurus: General term for places or areas occupied, modified, or planned to be inhabited by communities of human populations and that contain enough societal functions to be relatively self-sufficient. They are characterized by inhabitants living in neighboring sets of living quarters and by the place having a proper name or a locally recognized status."@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "1200 BC Middle East"@en; skos:scopeNote "ME, Greece [[-1200, -1199]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "1500 AD Middle East (AD 1500–1500)"@en; skos:scopeNote "ME, Greece, Indus [[1500,1500]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Abassid Middle East (AD 750–940)"@en; skos:scopeNote "ME, northern Africa [[750, 940]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Caliphate-Umayyad Middle East (AD 632–750)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Early Islamic, Rashidun-Umayyad [starts with death of Muhammed who only controlled Arabia] [[632,750]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Early Byzantine (AD 650-850)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Early Byzantine Period in areas where such designations are appropriate. [[650, 850]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Ilkhanate Middle East (AD 1258–1335)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Ilkhanid, Hulagu, Early Mongol [[1258,1335]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Khedivate Egypt (AD 1800–1922)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Muhammed Ali-Khedivate Egypt, Alawiyya Egypt, Anglo-Egyptian [[1800,1922]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Late Antique/Sasanian Middle East (AD 300–640)"@en; skos:scopeNote "ME [[300, 640]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Middle Kingdom Egypt (2010-1640 BCE/BC)"@en; skos:scopeNote "The Middle Kingdom period in Egypt, following the chronology of the UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology (compiled by Thomas Schneider): http://www.uee.ucla.edu/contributors/chronology.htm. [[-2010, -1640]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Ottoman Decline-Mandate Middle East (AD 1900–1950)"@en; skos:scopeNote "ME [[1900,1950]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Ottoman Empire (AD 1513–1918)"@en; skos:scopeNote "ME, Balkan, Northern Africa [[1513,1918]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Proto-Byzantine (AD 500–650)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Early Byzantine; includes Justinian I [[500, 650]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Roman Middle East (140 BC – AD 640)"@en; skos:scopeNote "ME [[-140, 640]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Transition Roman Early Empire-Late Antique (AD 284–337)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Mediterranean [[284, 337]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Achaemenid-Roman Republic Middle East (540–30 BC)"@en; skos:scopeNote "ME [[-540,-30]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Early Ottoman Empire (AD 1453–1683)"@en; skos:scopeNote "ends with the siege of Vienna [[1453,1683]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Hellenistic Middle East (330–140 BC)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Macedonian—Seleucid/Ptolemaic/Attalid/Greco-Bactrian [[-330, -140]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Hellenistic Greek, Roman Republic (330 BC-30 BC)"@en; skos:scopeNote "The Hellenistic period in Greek history and the middle-to-late Republican period in Roman history. For the purposes of Pleiades, this period is said to begin in the year 330 and end in the year 30 before the birth of Christ. [[-330, -30]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Late Ottoman Empire (AD 1683–1918)"@en; skos:scopeNote "ME, Balkan, Northern Africa [[1683,1918]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "New Kingdom Egypt (1548-1086)"@en; skos:scopeNote "The New Kingdom period in Egypt, following the chronology of the UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology (compiled by Thomas Schneider): http://www.uee.ucla.edu/contributors/chronology.htm. [[-1548, -1086]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Roman, early Empire (30 BC-AD 300)"@en; skos:scopeNote "The Roman period (i.e., the early Roman Empire) in Greek and Roman history. For the purposes of Pleiades, this period is said to begin in the year 30 before the birth of Christ and to end in the year 300 after the birth of Christ. [[-30, 300]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Samanid-Ghaznavid Iran (AD 819–1186)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Iran [[819,1186]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Timurid Middle East (AD 1370–1501)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Eastern ME, Central Asia [[1370,1501]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Modern Middle East (AD 1918–2000)"@en; skos:scopeNote "ME [[1918, 2000]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Ptolemaic-Roman Egypt (304 BC – AD 640)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Egypt [[-304,640]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Roman Early Empire/Parthian Middle East (30 BC – AD 226)"@en; skos:scopeNote "Early Roman/Parthian [[-30, 226]]"@en . a ; owl:sameAs , ; skos:inScheme ; skos:prefLabel "Late Antique (AD 300-AD 640)"@en; skos:scopeNote "The Late Antique period in Greek and Roman history. For the purposes of Pleiades, this period is said to begin in the year 300 and to end in the year 640 after the birth of Christ. [[300, 640]]"@en .