تدمر
Παλμυρηνός
Palmyra
Palmyra
Tadmur
I Illyrorum garrison
Ἁδριανοπόλις
I Illyricorum garrison
תַּדְמֹר
Tadmur
Πάλμυρα
Tadmar
Θαδάμορα
Tadmir
Tadmuru
Colonia Hadr. Ant. P., Colonia Hadriana Antoniniana Pia
Tudmur
An ancient oasis and trading city with monumental remains, located in modern Syria. Under Zenobia, Palmyra was the capital of the breakaway Palmyrene Empire, leading to Aurelian's razing of the city. Inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.
Palmyra
2023-12-29T21:11:28-04:00
dare:major=1
UWHS
dare:ancient=1
extant remains
dare:feature=major settlement
Ships of the Desert and Ships of the Sea
Raja 2022
TP (Talbert: CUP) 9C5 (Talbert 527)
Plin., NH (Mayhoff: PHI) 5.88.1
Pollard 2000
Plin., NH (Mayhoff: PHI) 5.87.5
Baird 2023
Arachne Palmyra Nahiyat Markaz Tadmur, Syrien
Will 1992 30-46
DARMC 14105
Andrade 2013
Wikipedia (English) Palmyra
Tanabe 1986
Bryce 2014
ToposText Palmyra (Syria)
Bobou et al. 2022
Wiegand 1932
Stark 1971
Michałowski et al. 1960-1984
GeoNames 163809: Palmyra
Gawlikowski 2010
Wood 1753
Sommer 2020
Starcky 1985 33-36
Bobou 2021
New Pauly Palmyra
Kropp 2016
Raja 2022a
Smith 2013
PECS (Perseus) PALMYRA (Tadmor) Syria
Ingholt 1936
Baird 2022
Smith 1854 (Perseus) PALMYRA
TGN 7018835: Palmyra (deserted settlement)
WHL 23: Site of Palmyra
al-Bunnī 1989
TM GEO ID 3353: Palmyra
Edwell 2008
Veyne 2017
Meyer et al. 2016
Wikidata Q5747: Palmyra
Ingholt 2021
BAtlas 68 F4 Palmyra/Thadamora/Hadrianopolis
Barrington Atlas: BAtlas 68 F4 Palmyra/Thadamora/Hadrianopolis
H. Kopp
B. Siewert-Mayer
W. Röllig
An ancient oasis and trading city with monumental remains, located in modern Syria. Under Zenobia, Palmyra was the capital of the breakaway Palmyrene Empire, leading to Aurelian's razing of the city. Inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.
Palmyra
Caliphate-Umayyad Middle East (AD 632–750)
Early Islamic, Rashidun-Umayyad [starts with death of Muhammed who only controlled Arabia] [[632,750]]
Roman, early Empire (30 BC-AD 300)
The Roman period (i.e., the early Roman Empire) in Greek and Roman history. For the purposes of Pleiades, this period is said to begin in the year 30 before the birth of Christ and to end in the year 300 after the birth of Christ. [[-30, 300]]
Ottoman Empire (AD 1513–1918)
ME, Balkan, Northern Africa [[1513,1918]]
Modern Middle East (AD 1918–2000)
ME [[1918, 2000]]
Hellenistic Greek, Roman Republic (330 BC-30 BC)
The Hellenistic period in Greek history and the middle-to-late Republican period in Roman history. For the purposes of Pleiades, this period is said to begin in the year 330 and end in the year 30 before the birth of Christ. [[-330, -30]]
Neo-Assyrian/Babylonian Middle East (720–540 BC)
ME [[-720,-540]]
Late Ottoman Empire (AD 1683–1918)
ME, Balkan, Northern Africa [[1683,1918]]
Later 2nd Millennium BC Mesopotamia (1600–1000 BC)
Middle Assyrian/Middle Babylonian/Kassite Mesopotamia, LBA-Early Iron Age Mesopotamia, incl. Sea Peoples [[-1600,-1000]]
Middle Hittite Anatolia (1450–1200 BC)
New Kingdom Hittite [[-1450,-1200]]
1200 BC Middle East
ME, Greece [[-1200, -1199]]
Abassid Middle East (AD 750–940)
ME, northern Africa [[750, 940]]
Ilkhanate Middle East (AD 1258–1335)
Ilkhanid, Hulagu, Early Mongol [[1258,1335]]
Egyptian/Hittite Levant (1344–1212 BC)
Levant [[-1344,-1212]]
Crusader/Byzantine/Seljuq Middle East (AD 1081–1204)
Latin/1st-4th Crusades—end of Middle Byzantine—Rum/Seljuq [[1081, 1204]]
Middle Byzantine (AD 850-1200)
Middle Byzantine period in areas where such designations are appropriate. [[850, 1200]]
1500 AD Middle East (AD 1500–1500)
ME, Greece, Indus [[1500,1500]]
A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 3, p. 1560)
B. Siewert-Mayer
H. Kopp
W. Röllig
Tadmur
2023-12-29T18:44:29-04:00
-1600
2000
Tadmur
TAVO Index
Roman Early Empire/Parthian Middle East (30 BC – AD 226)
Early Roman/Parthian [[-30, 226]]
settlement
Equivalent to "inhabited place" as defined by the Getty Art and Architecture Thesaurus: General term for places or areas occupied, modified, or planned to be inhabited by communities of human populations and that contain enough societal functions to be relatively self-sufficient. They are characterized by inhabitants living in neighboring sets of living quarters and by the place having a proper name or a locally recognized status.
Early Byzantine (AD 650-850)
Early Byzantine Period in areas where such designations are appropriate. [[650, 850]]
Late Antique (AD 300-AD 640)
The Late Antique period in Greek and Roman history. For the purposes of Pleiades, this period is said to begin in the year 300 and to end in the year 640 after the birth of Christ. [[300, 640]]
Palmyra, a Greek name of uncertain origin.
Palmyra
NPauly Palmyra
2023-12-29T18:44:28-04:00
Πάλμυρα
300
850
Palmyra
Barrington Atlas: BAtlas 68 F4 Palmyra/Thadamora/Hadrianopolis
station (road or coastal)
Classical (Greco-Roman; 550 BC-330 BC)
The Classical period in Greek and Roman history. For the purposes of Pleiades, this period is said to begin in the year 550 and end in the year 330 before the birth of Christ. [[-550, -330]]
Modern (AD 1700-Present)
Our present, modern era. [[1700, 2100]]
Latin name after the Greek. Still used in the west to designate the ancient city and its archaeological remains.
Palmyra
Plin., NH (Mayhoff: PHI) 5.88.1 passim
2023-12-29T21:11:28-04:00
Palmyra
-30
2100
Palmyra
Pleiades
A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 3, p. 1560)
B. Siewert-Mayer
H. Kopp
W. Röllig
Tadmur
Wikipedia (English) Palmyra
2023-12-29T18:44:29-04:00
-1600
2000
Tadmur
TAVO Index
Thadamora, name attested only by Josephus and attributed by him to "the Syrians" (he claims the Greeks referred to the city exclusively as "Palmyra").
Thadamora
Jos., AJ (Niese: Perseus) 8.154
NPauly Palmyra
Θαδάμορα
2023-12-29T18:54:48-04:00
-30
300
Thadamora
Barrington Atlas: BAtlas 68 F4 Palmyra/Thadamora/Hadrianopolis
Hadrianopolis, title adopted by Palmyra in honor of the Roman emperor Hadrian.
Hadrianopolis
Boatwright 2000 104-105
StByz (Meineke; archive.org) Πάλμυρα
2023-12-29T18:56:51-04:00
Ἁδριανοπόλις
-30
850
Hadrianopolis
Barrington Atlas: BAtlas 68 F4 Palmyra/Thadamora/Hadrianopolis
CIGS location of Tadmur
Wikidata Q5747
Wikipedia (Arabic) تدمر
Wikipedia (English) Palmyra
Bryce 2009 page 686
2023-06-16T11:56:51-04:00
Cuneiform
ANE
Pleiades
Palmyrenos, ethnic name for a citizen of Palmyra.
Palmyrenos
2023-12-29T18:44:29-04:00
Παλμυρηνός
300
850
Palmyrenos
Palmyrenes
Pleiades
Tadmur, modern Arabic name
Tadmur
Wikipedia (Arabic) تدمر
2021-12-03T14:31:00-04:00
تدمر
1700
2100
CALCS
JOeQ
Tudmir
tdmr
Tadmur
Pleiades
Roman Middle East (140 BC – AD 640)
ME [[-140, 640]]
A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 1, p. False)
H. Kopp
B. Siewert-Mayer
W. Röllig
Colonia Hadr. Ant. P.
TAVO Index (Vol. 1, p. False)
2023-12-29T18:55:51-04:00
-140
640
Colonia Hadriana Antoniniana Pia
Colonia Hadr. Ant. P.
TAVO Index
Hellenistic Middle East (330–140 BC)
Macedonian—Seleucid/Ptolemaic/Attalid/Greco-Bactrian [[-330, -140]]
Transition Roman Early Empire-Late Antique (AD 284–337)
Mediterranean [[284, 337]]
urban area
A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 3, p. 1560)
B. Siewert-Mayer
W. Röllig
H. Kopp
Tadmir
2021-12-03T14:31:00-04:00
-1450
-1200
Tadmir
TAVO Index
Achaemenid Middle East (540–330 BC)
ME [[-540, -330]]
Late Antique/Sasanian Middle East (AD 300–640)
ME [[300, 640]]
A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 2, p. 1218)
B. Siewert-Mayer
W. Röllig
H. Kopp
Palmyra
2023-12-29T18:44:29-04:00
-1450
2000
Palmyra
TAVO Index
Tadmor, Hebrew name attested in 2 Chronicles; alternatively Tamar, a textual variant in the consonantal text of 1 Kings 9:19).
Tadmor
2021-12-03T14:31:00-04:00
תַּדְמֹר
-550
-330
Tadmor
Pleiades
A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 3, p. 1560)
H. Kopp
B. Siewert-Mayer
W. Röllig
Tadmar
2021-12-03T14:31:00-04:00
-1600
-540
Tadmar
TAVO Index
A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 3, p. 1560)
W. Röllig
H. Kopp
B. Siewert-Mayer
Tadmuru
2021-12-03T14:31:00-04:00
-540
-330
Tadmuru
TAVO Index
A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 2, p. 796)
W. Röllig
H. Kopp
B. Siewert-Mayer
I Illyricorum garrison
TAVO Index (Vol. 2, p. 796)
2023-12-29T18:57:37-04:00
284
640
I Illyricorum garrison
TAVO Index
oasis
A place name from the TAVO Index (Vol. 2, p. 796)
H. Kopp
B. Siewert-Mayer
W. Röllig
I Illyrorum garrison
2023-12-29T18:44:29-04:00
-140
640
I Illyrorum garrison
TAVO Index