{ "features": [ { "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 43.328545, 36.100654 ] }, "type": "Feature", "id": "proposed-location-of-the-gula-temple", "properties": { "snippet": "Temple-2; 1000 BC - 540 BC", "link": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/897364594/proposed-location-of-the-gula-temple", "description": "The proposed, representative location of the Gula temple at Kalhu is based on the suggested position of the building by Julian Reade and the visible remains of the (partially) excavated Šarrat-niphi temple and those of the Northwest palace.", "location_precision": "precise", "title": "Proposed location of the Gula temple" } } ], "contributors": [ { "username": "thomase", "homepage": null, "name": "Tom Elliott", "uri": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/author/thomase" } ], "locations": [ { "contributors": [ { "username": "thomase", "homepage": null, "name": "Tom Elliott", "uri": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/author/thomase" } ], "associationCertainty": "less-certain", "attestations": [ { "timePeriod": "early-1st-millennium-mesopotamia", "timePeriodURI": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/vocabularies/time-periods/early-1st-millennium-mesopotamia", "confidence": "confident", "confidenceURI": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/vocabularies/attestation-confidence/confident" }, { "timePeriod": "neo-assyrian-babylonian-middle-east", "timePeriodURI": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/vocabularies/time-periods/neo-assyrian-babylonian-middle-east", "confidence": "confident", "confidenceURI": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/vocabularies/attestation-confidence/confident" } ], "references": [ { "alternateURI": "", "accessURI": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/4200523", "citationDetail": "137 fig. 2, 191–193", "citationTypeURI": "http://purl.org/spar/cito/seeFurther", "shortTitle": "Reade 2002", "bibliographicURI": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pleiades/items/IFV32YYI", "formattedCitation": "
The Gula temple at Kalhu has not yet been identified. The proposed location of the building is based on Reade 2002: 137 fig. 2, 191–193. This proposal cannot be confirmed from in-situ inscriptions and, therefore, must remain conjectural.
\r\nOn the suggested location of the temple, Reade (2002: 193) states: \"Both Layard's and Mallowan's plans, on which we are obliged to rely, indicate that the northeastern corner of the court on to which the Šarrat Nipḫi shrine faced was quite close to the shrine door. Other sides of this court are available for the House of Gula, or it could have been in yet another court to the east. Since Ashurnasirpal's temple lists constitute the only solid evidence for a House of Gula at Kalah (otherwise there is the uncertain reference to É dgu-la ša ṣe-e-[ri]: Parpola 1999:8 2), and since she is absent from the tākultu list, unless in the broken section at its end, it looks as if the plan to establish a major cult for this goddess was abandoned after his death. This agrees with a statement by Mallowan (1952: 3-4; 1966: 92), who was excavating an area \"almost abutting\" on the east end of the Šarrat Nipḫi shrine, that he found two rooms one of which was \"probably a temple ... In the two chambers unearthed it was seen that the place had been stripped of its contents and packed with mud and mud-brick in antiquity; wall-lines and doorways were difficult to trace owing to the havoc wrought by plunderers in the nineteenth century.\"A small-scale plan, cf. Fig. 23, only seems to indicate walls which Mallowan did identify, and the one find recorded from the area was an Ashurnasirpal brick (ND 1129). An abortive Gula Court is therefore provisionally suggested in Fig. 2.\"
\r\n\r\n", "review_state": "published", "accuracy_value": 5.0, "accuracy": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/features/metadata/google-earth-2016ff", "featureType": [ "temple-2" ], "description": "The proposed, representative location of the Gula temple at Kalhu is based on the suggested position of the building by Julian Reade and the visible remains of the (partially) excavated Šarrat-niphi temple and those of the Northwest palace.", "created": "2021-01-14T08:31:33Z", "geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ 43.328545, 36.100654 ] }, "locationType": [ "representative" ], "uri": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/897364594/proposed-location-of-the-gula-temple", "creators": [ { "username": "jnovotny", "homepage": null, "name": "Jamie Novotny", "uri": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/author/jnovotny" } ], "@type": "Location", "history": [ { "action": "Publish externally", "modifiedBy": "thomase", "modified": "2021-01-15T12:20:06Z" }, { "comment": "Edited", "modifiedBy": "thomase", "modified": "2021-01-15T12:19:59Z" }, { "action": "Submit for review", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-14T16:42:10Z" }, { "comment": "Edited", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-14T08:39:20Z" }, { "comment": "Edited", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-14T08:38:53Z" }, { "comment": "Initial revision", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-14T08:31:34Z" }, { "action": "Create", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-14T08:31:33Z" } ] } ], "connections": [ { "end": -540, "description": "", "contributors": [], "created": "2021-01-11T16:00:55Z", "associationCertainty": "certain", "title": "Nimrud", "start": -1000, "provenance": "Pleiades", "uri": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/897364594/nimrud", "connectionType": "part_of_physical", "id": "nimrud", "attestations": [ { "timePeriod": "early-1st-millennium-mesopotamia", "timePeriodURI": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/vocabularies/time-periods/early-1st-millennium-mesopotamia", "confidence": "confident", "confidenceURI": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/vocabularies/attestation-confidence/confident" }, { "timePeriod": "neo-assyrian-babylonian-middle-east", "timePeriodURI": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/vocabularies/time-periods/neo-assyrian-babylonian-middle-east", "confidence": "confident", "confidenceURI": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/vocabularies/attestation-confidence/confident" } ], "history": [ { "action": "Publish externally", "modifiedBy": "thomase", "modified": "2021-01-15T12:20:06Z" }, { "action": "Submit for review", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-14T16:42:08Z" }, { "comment": "Edited", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-14T07:48:04Z" }, { "comment": "Edited", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-11T16:18:04Z" }, { "comment": "Initial revision", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-11T16:00:55Z" }, { "action": "Create", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-11T16:00:55Z" } ], "connectsTo": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/894019", "details": "", "references": [ { "alternateURI": "", "accessURI": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/4200523", "citationDetail": "", "citationTypeURI": "http://purl.org/spar/cito/seeFurther", "shortTitle": "Reade 2002", "bibliographicURI": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pleiades/items/IFV32YYI", "formattedCitation": "
Akkadian inscriptions of the ninth-century-BC Assyrian king Ashurnasirpal II (r. 883–859 BC) record that that ruler built (or rebuilt) temples to the deities Adad, Damkina, Ea-šarru, Enlil, Gula, Nabû, Ninurta, Sîn, Šala, and Šarrat-niphi, as well as to the Sebetti and Kidmuri; for example, see RIAo Ashurnasirpal II 030 lines 53–78a. Of those, only four have been positively identified during nineteenth- and twentieth-century excavations: the Kidmuri temple, the Nabû temple, the Ninurta temple, and the Šarrat-niphi temple.
\r\nDespite the fact that the location of the Gula temple at Kalhu is not known from the archaeological record, it is sometimes thought that it was situated east of the Šarrat-niphi temple and north of the Kidmuri temple, both of which have been partially excavated; see, for example, Reade 2002: 137 fig. 2, 191–193. This proposal cannot be confirmed from in-situ inscriptions and, therefore, must remain conjectural.
", "@context": { "snippet": "dcterms:abstract", "rights": "dcterms:rights", "description": "dcterms:description", "title": "dcterms:title", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "subject": "dcterms:subject", "uri": "@id", "created": "dcterms:created" }, "review_state": "published", "type": "FeatureCollection", "description": "When Kalhu (biblical Calah, modern Nimrud) became the principal administrative center of the Assyrian Empire in the ninth century BC, king Ashurnasirpal II (r. 883–859 BC) built (or rebuilt) numerous temples. One of those was dedicated to the goddess Gula. Although its location is not known, the Gula temple at Kalhu is thought to have been part of the Ninurta temple complex (in the northwest corner of the citadel), east of the Šarrat-niphi temple and north of the Kidmuri temple.", "reprPoint": [ 43.328545, 36.100654 ], "placeTypes": [ "unlocated", "temple-2" ], "bbox": [ 43.328545, 36.100654, 43.328545, 36.100654 ], "connectsWith": [ "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/894019", "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/62810658", "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/439136375", "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/344586145", "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/846526213" ], "rights": "Copyright © The Contributors. Sharing and remixing permitted under terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (cc-by).", "created": "2021-01-11T15:52:48Z", "uri": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/897364594", "creators": [ { "username": "jnovotny", "homepage": null, "name": "Jamie Novotny", "uri": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/author/jnovotny" } ], "@type": "Place", "history": [ { "action": "Publish externally", "modifiedBy": "thomase", "modified": "2021-01-15T12:20:06Z" }, { "action": "Submit for review", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-14T16:42:08Z" }, { "comment": "Edited", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-14T08:48:46Z" }, { "comment": "Initial revision", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-11T15:52:49Z" }, { "action": "Create", "modifiedBy": "jnovotny", "modified": "2021-01-11T15:52:48Z" } ] }