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Thospia/Bouana/‘Ospa’/Ṭušpa

a Pleiades place resource

Creators: M. Roaf, T. Sinclair, S.E. Kroll, St J. Simpson
Contributors: Birgit Christiansen , R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, Sean Gillies, B. Siewert-Mayer, Enes Yılandiloğlu, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa
Copyright © The Contributors. Sharing and remixing permitted under terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (cc-by).
Last modified Feb 15, 2026 09:15 AM — History
Ṭušpa is an Urartian fortress and settlement near the historic center of Van in southeastern Turkey. Here archaeological remains of buildings and inscribed objects of several Urartian kings starting with Sarduri I (ninth century BCE) have been found. Furthermore, the place is frequently mentioned in Urartian inscriptions in connection with the god Haldi, who is addressed as "Lord of Ṭušpa-City". Ṭupša is often referred to as the capital of Urartu, although this remains uncertain. Rather than an administrative center, it was probably a religious one. In later times the place was known as Thospia/Bouana/‘Ospa’ (BAtlas 89 F2 Thospia/Bouana/‘Ospa’). Today the ruins of the fortress are referred to as Van Kalesi (or Van Castle).

https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/874771

38.5014971093, 43.3385343532
    • Bastām Qalʿečik (Kurdish, 2000 BC - 650 BC)
    • Bouana (30 BC - AD 300)
    • Bouana (Ancient Greek, AD 300 - AD 640)
    • Chauōn (Ancient Greek, AD 300 - AD 640)
    • Ospa (AD 300 - AD 640)
    • Rusaḫinele (unspecified date range)
    • Rusaḫinili (Urartian, 2000 BC - 540 BC)
    • Thospia (550 BC - AD 300)
    • Thospitis (unspecified date range)
    • Thōspia (Ancient Greek, 330 BC - AD 640)
    • Toprakkale (Turkish, 540 BC - AD 2000)
    • Tušpa (Akkadian, 2000 BC - 330 BC)
    • Tušpa (Urartian, 2000 BC - 330 BC)
    • Tušpā (unspecified date range)
    • Van (Armenian, 2000 BC - AD 2000)
    • Van (Ottoman Turkish, 2000 BC - AD 2000)
    • Van (Turkish, 2000 BC - AD 2000)
    • Van Kalesi (Turkish, unspecified date range)
    • Vān (Modern Persian, AD 850 - AD 1725)
    • وان (Vān: Ottoman Turkish, AD 1300 - AD 1923)
    • Wān (Modern Standard Arabic, 1200 BC - AD 1200)
    • Šamiramakert (Armenian, AD 300 - AD 640)
    None

settlement, fort, tower (deprecated)

Barrington Atlas: BAtlas 89 F2 Thospia/Bouana/‘Ospa’

The Barrington Atlas Directory notes: Van


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M. Roaf, T. Sinclair, S.E. Kroll, St J. Simpson, Birgit Christiansen , R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, Sean Gillies, B. Siewert-Mayer, Enes Yılandiloğlu, Francis Deblauwe, and Eric Kansa, 'Thospia/Bouana/‘Ospa’/Ṭušpa: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2026 <https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/874771> [accessed: 11 July 2026] 

            {{cite web |url=https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/874771 |title=Places: 874771 (Thospia/Bouana/‘Ospa’/Ṭušpa) |author=Roaf, M., T. Sinclair, S. Kroll, St J. Simpson |accessdate=July 11, 2026 7:44 pm |publisher=Pleiades}}