Nimrud
Creators: M. Roaf, St J. Simpson
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https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/894019
36.0999751709, 43.3315352658
- Central Point:
- CIGS location of Nimrūd (unspecified date range) accuracy: +/- 5 meters.
- Representative Locations:
- OSM location of the Kalhu Citadel (1600 BC - 30 BC) accuracy: +/- 20 meters.
- DARMC location 22400 (750 BC - 30 BC) accuracy: +/- 10 meters.
- Nimrud part of (administrative) Assyria (kingdom) (1000 BC - 720 BC)
- Nimrud located near Tigris/Diglitus (river) (unspecified date range)
- Nimrud located near Zabas Megas (river) (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Adad-Šala temple (Kalhu) part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Burnt Palace at Kalhu part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Central Building at Kalhu part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Central Palace at Kalhu part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Ea-Damkina temple (Kalhu) part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Enlil temple (Kalhu) part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Ezida (Kalhu) part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Fort Shalmaneser located at Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Governor's Palace at Kalhu part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Gula temple (Kalhu) part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 1 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 10 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 11 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 12 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 13 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 14 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 15 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 16 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 17 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 2 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 3 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 4 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 5 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 6 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 7 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 8 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu Archive 9 located at Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Kalhu ziggurat part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Kidmuri temple (Kalhu) part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Negub tunnel located near Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Ninurta temple (Kalhu) part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Northwest Palace at Kalhu part of (administrative) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Palace of Adad-nārārī III part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Sebetti temple (Kalhu) part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Shalmaneser Gate part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Southwest Palace at Kalhu part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (720 BC - 540 BC)
- Sîn temple (Kalhu) part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Upper Chambers at Kalhu part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
- Šarrat-niphi temple (Kalhu) part of (physical/topographic) Nimrud (1000 BC - 540 BC)
settlement, archaeological site
Barrington Atlas: BAtlas 91 E1 Kalhu/Calah/‘Larisa’?
The Barrington Atlas Directory notes: Nimrud. The name Nimrud is believed to be derived from an association with the Biblical figure "Nimrod" (Genesis 10:11-10:12, Micah 5:5, Chronicles 1:10). In 1850, Henry Rawlinson identified the city as the Biblical city of Calah (Kalhu, Kalakh; in Hebrew כלח and in Greek χαλαχ). The site covered an area of 360 hectares.
According to inscriptions of the ninth-century-BC Assyrian king Ashurnasirpal II (r. 883-859 BC), the Middle Assyrian ruler Shalmaneser I (r. 1263-1234 BC) had built the city Kalḫu. By the time Ashurnasirpal ascended the throne, it “had become dilapidated, lay dormant, (and) had turned into ruin hills” (RIAo Ashurnasirpal II 001 iii 132–133). That important king states that he had the old ruins removed down to the water table (which is said to have been at a depth of 120 layers of bricks) and then had the city constructed anew. Inside the citadel — which was located in the southwest corner of the near, close to the Tigris River — Ashurnasirpal constructed a large, ornately-decorated palace (the ‘Northwest Palace’), a ziggurat (dedicated to Kalḫu’s tutelary deity Ninurta), as well as several temples. At that time, Kalḫu (biblical Calah) became the capital of the Neo-Assyrian Empire; from the last quarter of the third millennium BC, Ashur had been the principal administrative, military, and religious center of Assyria.
Shalmaneser III (r. 858-824 BC,) Ashurnasirpal’s son and successor, had an armory (‘Fort Shalmaneser’) built in the southeast corner. That building, despite the fact that Kalḫu ceased to be Assyria’s capital at the end of the reign of Sargon II (r. 721–705 BC), remained in use until the end of the Assyrian Empire; for example, it was renovated by Esarhaddon (r. 680–669 BC).
M. Roaf, St J. Simpson, R. Talbert, Carolin Johansson, W. Röllig, Jamie Novotny, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, B. Siewert-Mayer, Rune Rattenborg, Francis Deblauwe, and Eric Kansa, 'Nimrud: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2023 <https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/894019> [accessed: 06 October 2024]
{{cite web |url=https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/894019 |title=Places: 894019 (Nimrud) |author=Roaf, M., St J. Simpson |accessdate=October 6, 2024 6:58 pm |publisher=Pleiades}}